Ka-Band 3-D-Printed Wideband Groove Gap Waveguide Orthomode Transducer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An orthomode transducer (OMT) that falls into the twofold symmetry category is designed at the Ka-band with 33.33% bandwidth. Groove gap waveguide (GGWG) technology is adapted to implement the design due to its suitability for millimeter-wave (mm-wave) frequencies as electrical contacts between different parts are not necessary. Moreover, two transitions are deployed to broaden the operating bandwidth. The first transition is GGWG to WR-28 standard waveguide, which also acts as a power combiner. The second transition is placed between two layers of GGWGs. This new OMT consists of two main sections, the OMT core section, and the assembly section of different parts. Each section is investigated and simulated separately; then the whole structure is simulated to validate the performance. A prototype is built using 3-D-printing technology with copper-electroplated surfaces. A back-to-back measurements technique indicated matching and isolation level better than 12.5 and 25 dB, respectively, for both polarizations over the entire band. Nevertheless, the insertion loss has an acceptable level over such bands.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".