Predictors of Adverse Outcomes in Patients With Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) is a hereditary disorder characterized by degeneration of cardiac myocytes and their subsequent replacement by fat and fibrous tissue primarily in the right ventricle. Our study aimed to systematically evaluate the impact of significant demographic, clinical, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic factors in arrhythmic events in AC patients. MEDLINE and Cochrane library databases were manually searched without year or language restriction or any other limits until July 31, 2017. A pooled odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals was calculated for each of the risk factors. Our search retrieved 26 studies (n = 2680 patients, mean age: 37.9 years old, males: 51.9%) which were included in the quantitative synthesis. The most reliable predicting factors/parameters are the following: (1) male gender, (2) presyncope, (3) left ventricular dysfunction, (4) T-wave inversions in inferior leads, (5) proband status, (6) late potentials, (7) syncope, (8) inducibility at electrophysiological study, (9) right ventricular dysfunction, (10) epsilon waves, and (11) premature ventricular contractions greater than 1000/24 h. On the contrary, family history of sudden cardiac death, palpitations, premature ventricular contractions greater than 500/24 h, and T-wave inversions in right precordial leads fail to determine the outcome in this meta-analysis. In conclusion, multiple risk factors have been associated with arrhythmic events in AC patients. However, larger studies are needed to discriminate those patients who will benefit from implantable cardioverter defibrillators.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".