Preparation and Characterization of Spherical Li3V2 (PO4)3/C Cathode Material for Lithium-ion Batteries
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Monoclinic lithium vanadium phosphate Li3V2(PO4)3 is a very promising polyanion-type cathode material for lithium-ion batteries.In this work, we synthesized spherical Li3V2(PO4)3 powder via melting V2O5 and quenching followed by spray drying and carbothermalreduction processes, using NH4VO3, LiOH·H2O, H3PO4 and C12H22O11 as the raw materials. The structure and morphology of theLi3V2(PO4)3 powders were characterized. The electrochemical property of the spherical Li3V2(PO4)3 cathode material was characterized byelectrochemical measurements. At cut-off voltages of 3.0–4.3 V, 3.0–4.8 V and 1.5–4.8V with current density of 0.2 mA·cm-2, the cathodematerial showed initial discharge capacity of 124.7 mAh·g-1, 157.3 mAh·g-1, 270.2 mAh·g-1 and capacity retention of 98.4%, 83.1% and84.0% after 50 cycles, respectively. The charge-discharge performance tested at different current densities of 0.04 mA·cm-2, 0.08 mA·cm-2,0.2 mA·cm-2, 0.4 mA·cm-2, 0.8 mA·cm-2 and 2 mA·cm-2 also showed the good rate capability.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".