The Effect of Extractives on the Passivation of Carbon Steel in Synthetic Black Liquor Environments
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Not all kraft mills have corrosion concerns in black liquor environments despite operating with similar temperatures, sulphidity and caustic content. There is reason to believe this change in liquor corrosivity is due to the presence of softwood extractives. This study used a synthetic solution to simulate weak black liquor environments (5 g/L sodium hydroxide and 20 g/L sodium sulphide) at 160°C to perform laboratory experiments. These experiments used a K02700 (A516 grade 70 carbon steel) working electrode to perform potentiodynamic, open circuit potential and immersion experiments to determine how liquor corrosivity changes in the presence of 1 or 5 g/L catechol, tannic acid or sodium citrate. These experiments were repeated in the presence of 1 g/L chloride in an attempt to increase the kinetics of corrosion. The catechol and tannic acid increased liquor corrosivity; however, the influence of 1 g/L chloride in the presence of an extractive was less clear. The reduced corrosion rate measured in the immersion studies in the presence of catechol, tannic acid and chloride is thought to do with the chloride interfering or binding with the chelates in solution rendering it less corrosive.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".