One-Step Synthesis and Optical and Electrical Properties of Thin Film Cu<sub>3</sub>BiS<sub>3</sub> for Use as a Solar Absorber in Photovoltaic Devices
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We have synthesized Cu 3 BiS 3 thin films on fused silica substrates in a one-step process by reactive sputter deposition of Cu−S and Bi on hot substrates. This one-step process produces films that are crystalline, phase-pure, dense, smooth, and continuous. As-deposited films have a direct forbidden band gap of 1.4 eV, an optical absorption coefficient of 1 × 10 5 cm - 1 at 1.9 eV, p-type conductivity, and an electrical resistivity of 84 Ω·cm. Postdeposition annealing in an H 2 S atmosphere increases crystallite size and reduces electrical resistivity of films to 9.6 Ω cm.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it