FSO channel—atmospheric attenuation and refractive index (Cn 2) modeling as the function of local weather data
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Free space optical (FSO) communication is an upcoming attractive alternative technology for transporting high-bandwidth data when the existing RF/fiber-optic communication is neither realistic nor viable. However, the presence of FSO channel turbulences such as fog, smoke, rain, dust, snow, and/or sand can critically degrade the quality of the FSO communication system. There is a great technical development in today's optical components such as LED, laser, optical detector, detector's sensitivity at high bandwidth, modulation techniques, power requirements, total weight, and total size. In spite of all these technological developments, the major limitation of FSO communication quality is the atmosphere. Optical absorption and scattering due to the FSO channel's components in the atmosphere drastically reduce the transmitted optical power. Further, the arbitrary atmospheric formation due to random fluctuation of optical turbulence can alter the wavefront quality of the traveling optical signal, develop the intensity fading and thus result in random signal losses and inter symbol interference (ISI) at the receiver plane. Weather conditions thus ultimately determine the FSO communication system quality not only in ground-to-ground FSO applications but also for deep space laser satellite optical communications because a portion of the optical beam always in the atmospheric turbulence medium that causes time-varying scattering effects.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it