Standard and elegant higher-order Laguerre–Gaussian correlated Schell-model beams
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract To date, all of the Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) correlated Schell-model beams proposed and studied are restricted to the standard form with the beam mode indices (0, l ), termed as a SLG 0 l CSM beam. We propose, for the first time, the elegant and standard higher-order LG correlated Schell-model beams as an extension to a SLG 0 l CSM beam. We develop theoretical formulae to determine the beam mode indices of a vortex beam and describe propagation effects of such beams. We demonstrate that by controlling the beam mode indices, one can produce different intensity distribution patterns during propagation, for example, a dark or solid core surrounded by bright concentric rings. Moreover, using our proposed beams, we illustrate how single-layer and multi-layer adjustable optical cages can be formed near the back of the focal zone of a lens. As anticipated, the proposed beams may find important applications in particle trapping, optical manipulation and optical communications.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it