Mathematical Modelling for the Performance of Encapsulated Phase Change TESS and Effect of Stefan’s Number
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Thermal energy storage system with phase change materials become increasingly important topics because of its important role in latent heat energy conservation, and for heating and cooling purpose. Thermal energy storage provides a great solution for the mismatch between energy production and its demand. TESS gives a high thermal storage density with a wide range of temperature. This paper considers the numerical solution of outward melting/solidification of encapsulated phase change materials in thermal energy storage system performance. Due to its nonlinear behaviour, it is complicated to have exact solution of melting process. HBI method is applied to solve uni-directional outward melting problem in cylindrical and spherical geometries. Interface location, heat transfer rate and heat transfer with time is obtained for both the geometries. A Matlab code has been written to solve moving interface problem.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it