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Record W2953814804 · doi:10.4212/cjhp.v72i3.2902

Barriers and Strategies for Transition from Student to Successful Hospital Pharmacist

2019· article· en· W2953814804 on OpenAlexaffvenue
Jasminder Mourh, Brandi Newby

Bibliographic record

VenueThe Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy · 2019
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicInnovations in Medical Education
Canadian institutionsSurrey Memorial Hospital
Fundersnot available
KeywordsPharmacistWorkloadPharmacyWorkforceSpecialtyFamily medicineNursingMedicineClinical pharmacyHospital pharmacyWork (physics)PsychologyMedical educationPolitical science

Abstract

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ABSTRACTBackground: Many health care professionals experience a process of transition when entering the workforce. Various barriers have been documented in the literature, including a lack of confidence, challenging interactions with patients and colleagues, workload, increased responsibility, and a fear of making mistakes. Strategies to overcome these barriers, such as orientation and support programs, have been proposed. However, evidence for the transition of students into successful hospital pharmacists is limited.Objectives: To identify key barriers to the transition from student to successful hospital pharmacist and to outline strategies to overcome these barriers.Methods: An electronic survey was distributed to Lower Mainland Pharmacy Services (LMPS) pharmacists, and subsequent one-on-one interviews were completed with a subgroup of new pharmacists.Results: A total of 137 LMPS pharmacists (about 32% of potential respondents) responded to the survey, and 3 of these also participated in an interview. A performance score (used to quantify the transition experience) was calculated for 113 respondents, and there was a correlation between performance score and role satisfaction (r = 0.550, p < 0.001). Performance score was also correlated with years spent working as a hospital pharmacist (r = 0.333, p < 0.001) and with highest level of pharmacy education (r = 0.210, p = 0.026). Work in a specialty area and presence of an orientation program were additional factors associated with higher average performance scores. The greatest need for transitional support was during the first year of work, with trainers and social supports being identified as the most helpful resources. Various perspectives were offered during the interviews, with multiple barriers and strategies proposed.Conclusions: Among respondents to this survey, the key barriers faced during the transition from student to successful hospital pharmacist were limited time working as a hospital pharmacist, lack of additional pharmacy education, lack of knowledge, rotation among multiple areas, uncertainty about role identity, and limited university preparation. Given that successful transition is associated with subsequent job satisfaction, workplace strategies such as limiting the number of practice areas, developing an orientation program, and providing continued support during the first year of work should be encouraged.RÉSUMÉContexte : Bien des professionnels de la santé passent par un processus de transition lorsqu’ils intègrent le marché du travail. Différents obstacles ont déjà fait l’objet d’études, notamment le manque de confiance, les interactions difficiles avec les patients et les collègues, la charge de travail, l’augmentation des responsabilités et la peur de faire des erreurs. Des stratégies visant à surmonter ces obstacles, comme des programmes d’orientation et de soutien, ont été mises de l’avant. Or il y a peu d’informa-tion sur la transition de l’étudiant vers le pharmacien d’hôpital accompli. Objectifs : Repérer les principaux obstacles à la transition de l’étudiant vers le pharmacien d’hôpital accompli et décrire les stratégies permettant de surmonter ces obstacles.Méthodes : Un sondage électronique a été envoyé aux pharmaciens du Lower Mainland Pharmacy Services (LMPS) (c.-à-d. les services de pharmacie des basses-terres continentales), puis des entrevues individuelles ont été réalisées auprès d’un sous-groupe de nouveaux pharmaciens.Résultats : Au total, 137 pharmaciens du LMPS (environ 32 % des répondants potentiels) ont répondu au sondage et trois d’entre eux ont participé à une entrevue. Pour quantifier la transition vécue, les investigateurs ont calculé la cote de rendement de 113 répondants et ils ont établi une corrélation entre la cote de rendement et la satisfaction au travail (r = 0,550, p < 0,001). Ils ont également corrélé la cote de rendement au nombre d’années passées à travailler comme pharmacien d’hôpital (r = 0,333, p < 0,001) et à des niveaux plus élevés de scolarité en pharmacie (r = 0,210, p = 0,026). Un travail dans un domaine spécialisé et la présence d’un programme d’orientation représentaient des facteurs supplémentaires associés à une moyenne plus élevée des cotes de rendement. C’est au cours de la première année de travail que le besoin de soutien à la transition se faisait le plus sentir, et les formateurs ainsi que le soutien social se sont révélés comme étant les meilleures ressources. Différents points de vue ont été exprimés pendant les entrevues et de multiples obstacles et stratégies ont été abordés.Conclusions : Selon les répondants au sondage, les principaux obstacles évoqués pendant la transition du rôle d’étudiant à celui de pharmacien d’hôpital accompli étaient : le peu de temps consacré au travail de pharmacien d’hôpital, l’absence de formation supplémentaire en pharmacie, des connaissances insuffisantes, la rotation entre différents domaines, les incertitudes concernant la définition du rôle et l’insuffisance de la préparation offerte par l’université. Étant donné qu’une transition réussie est associée à une plus grande satisfaction au travail, il faudrait encourager la mise en place de stratégies en milieu de travail, notamment limiter le nombre de domaines de pratique, établir un programme d’orientation et offrir un soutien continu durant la première année de travail.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.006
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.021
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Qualitative · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.006
Threshold uncertainty score0.032

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0060.021
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.001
Bibliometrics0.0010.000
Science and technology studies0.0030.001
Scholarly communication0.0040.002
Open science0.0020.005
Research integrity0.0020.002
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0050.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.013
GPT teacher head0.331
Teacher spread0.319 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designQualitative
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations3
Published2019
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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