Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background and Objective: Impairment in cognitive domains occurs commonly in substance use disorders. Tramadol abuse is a common problemin Egypt. The objective of this study was to study the effect of tramadol addiction on attention and memory. Methods: This study included 30 patients with tramadol addiction and 30 control subjects (matched for age, sex, and education).The participants were interviewed using attention and memory subscales of Montreal Cognitive Assessmenttest (MoCA) and Trail making test A and B. Results: The average score of memory in the tramadol addiction group was 2.46±1.33, while the average score in the control group was4.47±1.04, there was significant difference between the two groups with P value <0.0001.There was no statistically significant impairment in Trail making tests A and B.Therewas no association between cognitive impairment and sociodemographicor clinical factors. Conclusions: Tramadol addiction causes impairment in memory.There is no effect of tramadol dose or duration of abuse on cognitive impairment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".