Pierre Soulages’s Ultrablack Paintings: The Matter of Presence
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pour la philosophe française Éliane Escoubas, l’« outrenoir » que l’artiste français Pierre Soulages a créé depuis 1979 démontre la « présence de la peinture en peinture. » Si la peinture outrenoire résulte d’un processus illustrant parfaitement la matérialité qui a fortement marqué une grande partie de l’art européen d’après-guerre, l’élément le plus remarquable des travaux outrenoirs de Soulages réside dans le spectacle de la tension lumineuse induite par les stries inscrites dans le pigment épais de ces peintures. S’appuyant sur une lecture approfondie des tableaux outrenoirs de Soulages, ainsi que sur plusieurs commentaires critiques d’historiens de l’art, cet article avance l’idée que le regardeur, tour à tour confronté aux effacements et aux dévoilements de la matière pigmentaire sur la surface de la peintre outrenoire, vit ici une expérience sensorielle. En rendant présent ce qui est détenu dans les plis, le spectacle de la peinture outrenoire offre la présence de la matière en tant que voir.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.012 | 0.018 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".