Paleo-glacier reconstruction in southwestern British Columbia, Canada: A glaciovolcanic model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Volcanic rocks erupted within glacial environments offer powerful paleoenvironmental insights. These glaciovolcanoes and their deposits serve as proxies that inform on the paleo-presence, distribution and thickness of past glaciers. We investigate the paleoenvironmental implications of three Mid to Late Pleistocene volcanic deposits in the Garibaldi volcanic belt of southwestern British Columbia, Canada. We use these data to inform a simple geometric model that constrains paleo-glacier distributions in the southern Canadian Cordillera. The three volcanoes are used to recover: i) a coalesced mountain ice sheet in late Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 4, and possibly into MIS 3 (up to ∼49.1 ± 5.5 ka), ii) major and rapid degradation of glaciers during the late, MIS 6 to 5e transition (by 141 ± 12.9 ka), and, iii) a coalesced mountain ice sheet, or continental ice sheet that existed during MIS 15 (598 ± 7.5 ka).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".