Development of Saudi continuous chart datum: Arabian Gulf case study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) is widely utilized in marine applications for high accuracy vertical positioning. The errors introduced to charts by the present use of traditional shore-based discrete point chart datum (CD) can become a significant part of the total vertical error and deteriorates the vertical positioning accuracy estimated by GNSS technique. Therefore, a need for developing a CD in a continuous form is essential to replace the traditional CD so that it can be transformed from/to another continuous datum such as the reference ellipsoid (WGS84). The importance of the development of CD-to-WGS84 separation model is that it can be utilized by the hydrographers to develop an accurate vertical control for hydrographic surveys applications and can be utilized by the mariners to produce an accurate dynamic electronic navigation charts (ENC). In this paper, a Saudi continuous chart datum in the Arabian Gulf area is developed to provide CD-to-WGS84 separation model. It is shown that the Saudi continuous chart datum ranges from –14.96 m to –34.64 m and can be achieved with uncertainty ranges from 0.11 m to 0.16 m. The developed CD-to-WGS84 separation model in this paper can meet many maritime applications.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".