Sportsmanship Orientations of University Students Receiving Education in Sports
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the sportsmanship orientations possessed by university students who were receiving training in the field of sports education with regard to certain variables. The study was designed in the survey model. The “Sportsmanship Orientation Scale” was applied to a total of 566 students, selected with the random sampling method, studying at Balıkesir University. The research findings revealed that the mean sportsmanship orientation level of the participants was 3.45±0.63. A significant difference in favour of female participants was observed for the scale as a whole and in the subdimensions. With regard to the variable of department attended, it was determined that students studying in the sport management department had higher levels of sportsmanship. According to the class level variable, it was determined that students in the third grade had the lowest levels of sportsmanship orientations. In the “respect for opponents” subdimension, it was determined that participants who played team sports had higher levels of sportsmanship orientations. In conclusion, with the aim of increasing sportsmanship orientation levels of university students receiving training in the field of sports sciences, it is recommended that more attention should be given to the subjects of sports ethics and values education in course curricula.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".