[no title]
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Relativistic plasma jets are observed in many accreting black holes.\nAccording to theory, coiled magnetic fields close to the black hole accelerate\nand collimate the plasma, leading to a jet being launched. Isolating emission\nfrom this acceleration and collimation zone is key to measuring its size and\nunderstanding jet formation physics. But this is challenging because emission\nfrom the jet base cannot be easily disentangled from other accreting\ncomponents. Here, we show that rapid optical flux variations from a Galactic\nblack-hole binary are delayed with respect to X-rays radiated from close to the\nblack hole by ~0.1 seconds, and that this delayed signal appears together with\na brightening radio jet. The origin of these sub-second optical variations has\nhitherto been controversial. Not only does our work strongly support a jet\norigin for the optical variations, it also sets a characteristic elevation of\n<~10$^3$ Schwarzschild radii for the main inner optical emission zone above the\nblack hole, constraining both internal shock and magnetohydrodynamic models.\nSimilarities with blazars suggest that jet structure and launching physics\ncould potentially be unified under mass-invariant models. Two of the\nbest-studied jetted black hole binaries show very similar optical lags, so this\nsize scale may be a defining feature of such systems.\n
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".