Enhanced mechanical properties of martensitic stainless steels resistance spot welds enabled by <i>in situ</i> rapid tempering
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Resistance spot weldability of martensitic stainless steels is impaired by the formation of brittle martensite in the fusion zone (FZ). In this paper, in situ rapid tempering via applying a second pulse current after a first melting/solidification pulse during resistance spot welding of AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel sheets was used as a pathway to enhance the toughness of the FZ. By using proper second pulse conditions, the FZ with reduced hardness can be generated which is featured by a decomposed martensitic structure with nano-sized carbide precipitations. The improved toughness as a consequence of this modified microstructure resulted in remarkable enhancement of the peak load and energy absorption of the spot welds compared to the single-pulse welds.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it