Ecology, Mangagement and Poisonous Properties Associated with Perennial Snakeweeds
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Broom snakeweed and threadleaf snakeweed are aggressive weeds common on western rangelands from Canada to Mexico. Most cases of snakeweed poisoning occur in late winter or early spring when other herbaceous forage is depleted by winter grazing. Broom and threadleaf snakeweed are extremely variable in morphology, phenology, population density, and presumably physiology. Broom snakeweed is the most widely distributed North American species of the genus Gutierrezia and is the only perennial species common throughout the central plains and prairie regions. In New Mexico and west Texas, moderate to dense infestations of broom, and occasionally threadleaf snakeweed grow on open grassland regions found in these states. Soils where very dense broom snakeweed stands grow are characteristically shallow sandy loam to loam and underlain by caliche or limestone bedrock. Mechanical, biological, and burning methods have been used to control broom and threadleaf snakeweed but, in general, herbicides are the most common and practical method for yielding immediate range improvement results.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".