A new sol‐gel route alumina for selective oxidation of H<sub>2</sub>S to sulphur
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract In this study, a new synthesis method was developed for the production of modified sol‐gel alumina (SG‐M) for the selective oxidation of H 2 S to elemental sulphur. The catalytic activity of this modified alumina without any active metal incorporation was then compared with the activity of commercial alumina (alumina‐com) for H 2 S selective oxidation. The N 2 adsorption‐desorption isotherm showed that the SG‐M alumina synthesized in this work has a mesoporous structure with well‐defined hysteresis loops. Both alumina materials showed a γ‐Al 2 O 3 crystalline phase with an amorphous structure in their crystal structure. The surface acidity of the alumina materials was determined using pyridine‐adsorbed FTIR analyses, and both alumina showed Lewis acid sites on their surfaces. The catalytic activity tests were performed at 250°C using a feed ratio of O 2 /H 2 S:0.5. The complete conversion of H 2 S over SG‐M was achieved during 400 minutes of reaction time. However, the commercial alumina lost its activity at earlier reaction times. Lewis acid sites and surface hydroxyl groups caused the alumina to be active in H 2 S selective catalytic oxidation, and the formation of Al‐S bonds, observed when the H 2 S conversion fell, caused a decrease in the catalytic activity of the alumina materials. A high sulphur yield (≥95%) was obtained over SG‐M, even though there was no active metal incorporation and even in the presence of excess oxygen. Considering the catalytic activities, the new sol‐gel alumina synthesized in this work is superior to commercial alumina. It was concluded that, as a catalyst without any active metal, SG‐M is a promising catalyst in H 2 S selective oxidation to sulphur.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it