Bibliographic record
Abstract
Through a Glass Darkly: Contested Notions of Baptist Identity. Edited by Keith Harper. Religion and American Culture. (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2012. Pp. x, 333. Paper, $34.95, ISBN 978-0-8173-5712-2.) Keith Harper's edited collection Through a Glass Darkly: Contested Notions of Baptist Identity explores Baptist in American history. Given that Baptists constitute the largest segment of American Protestants, this study is most appropriate for understanding Baptist and American religious history as well as the phenomenon of religion. Two central themes emerge from this creative text of twelve well-researched chapters by various authors. The first theme is the variety of ways that Baptist has expressed itself. Indeed, the writers amply demonstrate that there is no one, single Baptist identity. Baptists, succinctly, have disagreed and continue to differ among themselves. The second theme is that the supposed narratives regarding aspects of Baptist do not always comport with a literal reading of history. These identity stories, as we might say, while serving normative purposes do not always fit consistently with historical realities. Harper's edited volume explores varied identities in essentially chronological order in three major categories: Key Themes, Biography, and Historiography. In Part 1, Key Themes, Bill J. Leonard of Wake Forest University Divinity School examines Baptists' in reference to their historical stand on church-state issues over the centuries. Jewel L. Spangler of the University of Calgary, in her treatment of dissenting Baptists during the second half of the eighteenth century, revisits the narrative regarding Baptists' commitment to frontier democracy, illustrating inconsistencies regarding racial applications of that commitment. The Baptist identities of five historical figures are explored in Part 2, Biography. James P. Byrd of Vanderbilt University Divinity School examines the traditional Baptist use of Roger Williams in treating issues of religious freedom and persecution. Curtis W. Freeman of Duke University Divinity School examines the legacy of E. Y. Mullins as a representative of Baptists' dealing with the challenge of modernity. Texas Christian University's Elizabeth H. Flowers utilizes the legacy of famed foreign missionary Charlotte Diggs Lottie Moon to deal with Baptist regarding gender and Protestantism. Boston University School of Theology's Christopher H. Evans highlights the Baptist legacy and of Walter Rauschenbusch and his Social Gospel theology. Martin Luther King Jr.'s significance as a Baptist leader in social Christianity during the civil rights era is treated by Edward R. …
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".