Foreign Terms in the Daily Arabic Discourse of Arab University Students
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigates the presence of foreign terms, especially communication-oriented ones, in the daily Arabic discourse of University students. Data in the study were culled from 70 university students in two stages. Data obtained from the first stage of elicitation were made into a survey that comprises foreign terms together with their Arabic counterparts. The second stage involved distributing the survey to 50 freshman University students at the AOU, Kuwait. The students were to select the terms that they use in their daily Arabic communication, i.e., Arabic or English. The findings of the analysis reveal that the English terms emerged as the vividly dominant code of communication in Arabic conversations as far as the terms in the study are concerned. The paper delineates the results of the analysis. The implications of this research will be important in the area of Arabicization and the role of the Arabic language Academies in maximizing their efforts toward Arabicization in this age of technological revolution. Key words: Arabic, foreign words, English, equivalents.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".