Coordinated Charging of Electric Vehicles for Reducing Operation Cost Under TOU Electricity Prices
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this work, a case study is carried out by considering time-of-use (TOU) price plan set by Ontario Energy Board (OEB), Canada with an objective of minimizing operation cost. The operation cost is compared for uncoordinated (mode 1), charging only (mode 2) and coordinated charging/discharging (mode 3) modes respectively for both winter and summer TOU rates. Impact of battery charging/discharging efficiencies and incentives of V2G energy prices on these results is also discussed. Results show that when vehicle to grid (V2G) prices are made 1.5 times of electricity price for peak hours with battery cost half of current price, reduction in cost for 80 EVs on adopting mode 3 over mode 1 and 2 with 0.95 efficiency is 79.23% and 62.36% with winter TOU rates and 46.73% and 19.57% with summer TOU rates respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".