Delay Analysis in Full-Duplex Heterogeneous Cellular Networks
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Heterogeneous networks (HetNets) as a combination of macro cells and small cells are used to increase the cellular network's capacity, and present a perfect solution for high-speed communications. Increasing area spectrum efficiency and capacity of HetNets largely depends on the high speed of backhaul links. One effective way that is currently utilized in HetNets is the use of full-duplex (FD) technology that potentially doubles the spectral efficiency without the need for additional spectrum. On the other hand, one of the most critical network design requirements is delay, which is a key representation of the quality of service in modern cellular networks. In this paper, by utilizing tools from the stochastic geometry, we analyze the local delay for downlink channel, which is typically defined as the mean number of required time slots for a successful communication. Given imperfect self-interference cancellation in practical FD communications, we utilize duplex mode (half-duplex (HD) or FD) for each user based on the distance from its serving base station. Further, we aim to investigate the energy efficiency for both duplexing modes, i.e., HD and FD, by considering local delay. We conduct extensive simulations to validate system performance in terms of local delay versus different system key parameters.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it