Lower limb vein thrombosis-induced pulmonary embolism and paradoxical multiple arterial embolisms
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Paradoxical embolism (PDE) refers to direct passage of venous thrombi into the arterial circulation through an arteriovenous shunt. It is well-known that the pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) can cause opening of the foramen ovale leading to paradoxical arterial embolism. Long term follow up of PDE patient over 10 years was not reported in the literature. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 57-year-old woman presented with initial symptoms of numbness/weakness and hypoxemia. Ultrasonography and pulmonary arteriography indicated pulmonary thromboembolism. DIAGNOSIS: Pulmonary embolism and paradoxical multiple arterial embolism or acute PTE concomitant with paradoxical multiple arterial embolism. INTERVENTIONS: Craniectomy and anticoagulation treatment was administered and the patient received low-dose warfarin therapy for 10 years. OUTCOMES: The patient is currently stable with no abnormalities seen in the deep veins of the bilateral lower limbs. The international normalized ratio (INR) was controlled within the range of 1.20 to 1.51. As this is a 10-year follow-up case report, the patient has responded well to the treatment and has been followed-up. The follow-up has been annual and the patient has been stable CONCLUSION:: Low intensity and persistent anticoagulation therapy can inhibit blood thrombophilia and reduce the risk of bleeding. It is noteworthy that such an approach used effectively in this patient. To best our knowledge, it is first report for long term follow up PDE patient successfully over 10 years.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".