Muscle and joint function in children living with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita: A scoping review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is characterized by congenital joint contractures present in two or more body areas. Lack of fetal movement is the underlying cause of AMC, which can lead to abnormal connective tissue surrounding the joint resulting in stiffness and muscle atrophy. Treatment aims at improving function and mobility through surgical and/or conservative interventions. A scoping review was conducted to explore the existing knowledge of the evaluation and treatment of muscle and joint function in children with AMC. Three search engines were included and identified 1,271 articles. Eighty-seven studies met the selection criteria and were included in this review. All included studies focused on joints, 30 of which also assessed the muscle. Assessment most often included the position of the contractures (n = 72), as well as range of motion (n = 66). Interventions to improve muscle and joint function were reported in 82 of the 87 papers and included surgery (n = 70) and conservative interventions (n = 74) with bony surgery (i.e., osteotomy) the most common surgery and rehabilitation the most common conservative intervention. Recurrences of contractures were mentioned in 46 of the 68 studies providing a follow-up. Future studies should use validated measures to assess muscle and joint function, and conservative interventions should be described in greater detail and to include a longer follow-up.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.017 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.012 | 0.014 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".