Corporate Social Responsibility: Universities in the Kingdom of Bahrain
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become very vital for any corporation as many voices demand that entities must be accountable for business decisions and actions. Since universities are vital entities in the society as they provide higher education to the human factor, they have a huge role that compels them to adhere to CSR and to make it a part of their strategic planning. The study is about measuring the awareness of CSR in the management of universities in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The study used a descriptive survey method to analyze the relationship between Communication, CSR activities and Management’s transparency with the level of awareness of CSR. The respondents of the study are the top and middle level managers of universities where the primary tool in gathering data was a structured questionnaire. Secondary sources were utilized as well, such as: books, articles, unpublished thesis and other printed resources related to the study that were used to support and strengthen the findings of the study. The main finding is, there is a significant relationship between CSR activities and communication with awareness of CSR.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.014 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".