Bibliographic record
Abstract
In today's age of mass migration, the people crossing borders shape their own destinies, doing what neither home nor host state wants, seeking progress through movement.In both Europe and the United States, the immigrants' search for a better life has yielded an even more fateful result: the emergence of the "second generation," a population comprised of the immigrants' children, whether born in the society of immigration or brought there at a very young age from abroad.For the past quarter century, the question of how these "new" immigrant offspring will fare and why their trajectories might differ has attracted ever growing research attention while simultaneously generating continuing scholarly controversy.Origins and Destinations: The Making of the Second Generation responds to this debate, building on a generation of scholarship and developing a new way of thinking about the problem at hand.We are gratified by the response that this new approach elicited from the distinguished scholars, all prominent contributors to the debate on both sides of the Atlantic, who commented on our book.We also extend our appreciation to the editors of Ethnic and Racial Studies for allowing our book to gain such attention and for giving us the opportunity to respond to our critics' insightful reactions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".