The effect of material type and joint thickness on wall behavior in conventional masonry walls
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Masonry walls are systems that are typically preferred in conventional structures. The complex structure of masonry walls makes it harder to determine wall behavior; however, wall behavior is affected by the types of material used in conventional walls and the way in which joints interact with masonry units. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of joint thickness and material factors on wall performance. To accomplish this, materials used in historical and conventional structures are preferred. This study involved hollow bricks, clay bricks, NHL 3.5, and CEM 32.5. Three different joint thicknesses were used to set up 12 different combinations. Damage estimation of the wall was carried out by moving a live load under a constant vertical load. Different materials of different joint thicknesses and mechanical properties were studied for their effects on the wall. The results indicated that a joint thickness of 20 mm preferred in wall production was more convenient. The strength of walls produced from durable material was found to be higher.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".