The Distribution of Dense Cores near H ii Regions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract An investigation of dust emission associated with a large sample of H ii regions has been carried out. Stacked results from this sample suggest that each H ii region is at or near the center of a cluster of dense cores that extends far beyond the H ii region, and has a volume density that decreases as r −3. The data also show evidence for enhanced numbers of cores near the boundary of the H ii regions. At the same time, a significant decrease in the number of cores, consistent with no cores, is observed in the interior of these H ii regions. Neither these H ii regions nor their associated massive OB stars were found to have a significant heating effect on their associated dusty clumps. “Clouds,” or the outermost layers of the clumps in which the cores are embedded, are found to exert a strong shielding effect against external heating sources. Despite this, a large portion of the identified cores were found to be warmer than their surrounding clouds and consequently may be in the initial stages of star formation. The star-formation efficiency of the 7 H ii region systems with the most reliable mass budgets ranged between 1% and 9%.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".