Pay attention and you won’t lose it: a deep learning approach to sequence imputation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In most areas of machine learning, it is assumed that data quality is fairly consistent between training and inference. Unfortunately, in real systems, data are plagued by noise, loss, and various other quality reducing factors. While a number of deep learning algorithms solve end-stage problems of prediction and classification, very few aim to solve the intermediate problems of data pre-processing, cleaning, and restoration. Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks have previously been proposed as a solution for data restoration, but they suffer from a major bottleneck: a large number of sequential operations. We propose using attention mechanisms to entirely replace the recurrent components of these data-restoration networks. We demonstrate that such an approach leads to reduced model sizes by as many as two orders of magnitude, a 2-fold to 4-fold reduction in training times, and 95% accuracy for automotive data restoration. We also show in a case study that this approach improves the performance of downstream algorithms reliant on clean data.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.014 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".