Vibrationally resolved above-threshold ionization in NO molecules by intense ultrafast two-color laser pulses: An experimental and theoretical study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present above-threshold ionization (ATI) in the molecule nitric oxide, NO, by intense (${10}^{12}--{10}^{13}\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{W}/{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$) two-color femtosecond laser pulses. Vibrationally resolved coherent interference phenomena of multiphoton and multipathway ionization processes have been investigated by measuring experimentally and modeling theoretically the molecular photoionization yields. We find that the ATI photoelectron distribution of NO, initiated from degenerate electronic and vibrational states, depends on the relative phase of the two pulses, the kinetic energy, and emission angle of the photoelectrons. This dependence codes the information of interference effects of molecular electronic states. AC Stark effects modulate interference patterns in ATI spectra. Moreover, the ATI spectra exhibit peak energy dependencies that illustrate interference effects from coherent couplings between various ionization channels. These features reflect the molecular property and the multiple channel ionization interference effects in ATI processes. The results allow to explore coherent electron-vibration processes in ultrafast molecular photoionization.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".