Nonequilibrium phase transitions and pattern formation as consequences of second-order thermodynamic induction
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Development of thermodynamic induction up to second order gives a dynamical bifurcation for thermodynamic variables and allows for the prediction and detailed explanation of nonequilibrium phase transitions with associated spontaneous symmetry breaking. By taking into account nonequilibrium fluctuations, long-range order is analyzed for possible pattern formation. Consolidation of results up to second order produces thermodynamic potentials that are maximized by stationary states of the system of interest. These potentials differ from the traditional thermodynamic potentials. In particular a generalized entropy is formulated for the system of interest which becomes the traditional entropy when thermodynamic equilibrium is restored. This generalized entropy is maximized by stationary states under nonequilibrium conditions where the standard entropy for the system of interest is not maximized. These nonequilibrium concepts are incorporated into traditional thermodynamics, such as a revised thermodynamic identity and a revised canonical distribution. Detailed analysis shows that the second law of thermodynamics is never violated even during any pattern formation, thus solving the entropic-coupling problem. Examples discussed include pattern formation during phase front propagation under nonequilibrium conditions and the formation of Turing patterns. The predictions of second-order thermodynamic induction are consistent with both observational data in the literature as well as the modeling of this data.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it