Postnatal changes in extracellular concentrations of free amino acids are associated with declining fractional protein synthesis rates in skeletal muscles of fed pigs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigated postnatal changes of skeletal muscle protein fractional synthesis rates (FSR) and their correlations with serum concentrations of hormones (insulin, growth hormone and cortisol), IGF‐I and plasma concentrations of free amino acids (AA) in fed pigs. Thirty‐six purebred Yorkshire gilts were used for blood and muscle sampling at 1, 4, 6, 12, 20 and 28 (1 wk postweaning) d of age. The pigs received an ip injection of a flooding dose of Phe containing L‐[ring‐2H5]Phe (40 molar%) in saline. Serum samples before the Phe injection and plasma, loin and ham samples at 30 min post‐injection were obtained for the determinations of tracer Phe enrichments by GC‐MS, free AA by HPLC, and hormones and IGF‐I by RIA. Tracer Phe enrichments in the plasma and the skeletal muscle free AA pools were flooded between 25 and 27 molar%. Loin and ham FSR decreased linearly (P<0.05) by 4 folds from d 1 to 28 of age. Postnatal changes of ham FSR were positively correlated (P<0.05, r=0.33) with serum insulin concentrations. Postnatal changes of ham and loin muscle FSR were positively correlated (P<0.05) with plasma concentrations of Asn, citrulline, Gln, His, Leu, ornithine, Phe, Ser, taurine, Tyr and Val (r=0.34–0.72) and negatively correlated (P<0.05) with Gly (r= −0.42) or Ile (r=−0.33). The results suggest that the postnatal decreasing skeletal muscle FSR in fed pigs is well associated with extracellular free AA concentrations as well as serum insulin levels.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".