A facile synthesis of nontoxic luminescent carbon dots for detection of chromium and iron in real water sample and bio‐imaging
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract In this study, we have reported the synthesis of luminescent carbon dots (CDs) from indigenous potato sources by simple heating reactions. The as‐synthesized CDs exhibited an average size of ~ 5.97 nm with a quantum yield (QY) of 6.08%. Furthermore, the CDs possessed high water‐solubility, possibly due to the presence of ─COOH and ─OH groups on their surfaces. The quenching of luminescence of the CDs specifically by Cr 6+ and Fe 3+ ions was used to detect chromium and iron in the water sample. The minimum limit of detection (LOD) for Cr 6+ and Fe 3+ ions was found to be 0.012 μM and 0.000549 μM, respectively, in a linear range of 0.5 μM‐100 μM and 0.5 μM‐5 μM for Cr 6+ and Fe 3+ , respectively, which was well below the concentration specified by WHO. We used our sensing system to detect the metal ions in water from the Brahmaputra River as well as in tannery water. In addition, the MTT‐based cell viability experiments showed that the CDs were nontoxic within 200 μg/mL. High quantum yield and the easy uptake of CDs enabled the quick labelling of cytoplasm of the HeLa cells, which can be further attributed to bioimaging applications.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it