Control of molecular ultracold plasma relaxation dynamics by mm-wave Rydberg–Rydberg transitions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Resonant mm-wave fields drive n0f(2)→(n0±1)g(2) transitions in a state-selected n0f(2) Rydberg gas of NO. This transformation produces a clear signature in the selected field ionisation spectrum and dramatically increases the intensity of corresponding features in the spectrum of the n0f(2) Rydberg series observed in UV–UV double resonant transitions via the A 2Σ+, N′=0 state. Here, n0 refers to the principal quantum number of an f Rydberg state converging to the N+=2 rotational state of NO+X 1Σ+. Enhancement owing to transitions from ℓ=3 (f) to ℓ=4 (g) appears both in the electron signal detected at early time by the field ionisation of Rydberg molecules and, 40μs later, as the late-peak signal of plasma in a state of arrested relaxation. Similar stabilisation and enhanced intensity also occurs for shorter-lived interloping complex resonances, 44p(0)−43d(1) and 43p(0)−42d(1). We conclude from these observations that avalanche alone does not guarantee a plasma state of arrested relaxation. But rather, the formation of an arrested phase requires both avalanche-produced NO+ ions and a persistent population of long-lived Rydberg molecules.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".