Structural and magnetic properties of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mi>d</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math> transition metal oxide chains on the (001) surfaces of Ir and Pt
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present a survey of the structural and magnetic properties of submonolayer transition metal dioxides on the (001) surfaces of the heavy face-centered cubic noble metals Ir and Pt performed by spin-averaged scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spin-polarized (SP) STM. Our STM results confirm that deposition of Co, Fe, Mn, and Cr on the $(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1)$ oxygen-reconstructed Ir(001) surface leads to the formation of quasi-one-dimensional chains with a $(3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1)$ unit cell. As recently predicted by density functional theory [P. Ferstl et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 046101 (2016)], our SP-STM images of ${\mathrm{FeO}}_{2}$ and ${\mathrm{MnO}}_{2}$ on Ir(001) show a twofold periodicity along the chains which is characteristic for an antiferromagnetic coupling along the chains. In addition, these two materials also exhibit spontaneous, permanent, and long-range magnetic coupling across the chains. Whereas we find a ferromagnetic interchain coupling for ${\mathrm{FeO}}_{2}$/Ir(001), the magnetic coupling of ${\mathrm{MnO}}_{2}$ on Ir(001) appears to be a noncollinear ${120}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$ spin spiral, resulting in a $(9\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2)$ magnetic unit cell. On Pt(001), patches of $(3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1)$-reconstructed oxide chains could only be prepared by transition metal (Co, Fe, and Mn) deposition onto the cold substrate and subsequent annealing in an oxygen atmosphere. Again SP-STM on ${\mathrm{MnO}}_{2}$/Pt(001) reveals a very large, $(15\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2)$ magnetic unit cell which can tentatively be explained by a commensurate ${72}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$ spin spiral. Large-scale SP-STM images reveal a long-wavelength spin rotation along the ${\mathrm{MnO}}_{2}$ chain.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".