Structural and magnetic properties of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mi>d</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math> transition metal oxide chains on the (001) surfaces of Ir and Pt
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present a survey of the structural and magnetic properties of submonolayer transition metal dioxides on the (001) surfaces of the heavy face-centered cubic noble metals Ir and Pt performed by spin-averaged scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spin-polarized (SP) STM. Our STM results confirm that deposition of Co, Fe, Mn, and Cr on the $(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1)$ oxygen-reconstructed Ir(001) surface leads to the formation of quasi-one-dimensional chains with a $(3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1)$ unit cell. As recently predicted by density functional theory [P. Ferstl et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 046101 (2016)], our SP-STM images of ${\mathrm{FeO}}_{2}$ and ${\mathrm{MnO}}_{2}$ on Ir(001) show a twofold periodicity along the chains which is characteristic for an antiferromagnetic coupling along the chains. In addition, these two materials also exhibit spontaneous, permanent, and long-range magnetic coupling across the chains. Whereas we find a ferromagnetic interchain coupling for ${\mathrm{FeO}}_{2}$/Ir(001), the magnetic coupling of ${\mathrm{MnO}}_{2}$ on Ir(001) appears to be a noncollinear ${120}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$ spin spiral, resulting in a $(9\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2)$ magnetic unit cell. On Pt(001), patches of $(3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1)$-reconstructed oxide chains could only be prepared by transition metal (Co, Fe, and Mn) deposition onto the cold substrate and subsequent annealing in an oxygen atmosphere. Again SP-STM on ${\mathrm{MnO}}_{2}$/Pt(001) reveals a very large, $(15\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2)$ magnetic unit cell which can tentatively be explained by a commensurate ${72}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$ spin spiral. Large-scale SP-STM images reveal a long-wavelength spin rotation along the ${\mathrm{MnO}}_{2}$ chain.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".