An impressive capacity for cold tolerance plasticity protects against ionoregulatory collapse in the disease vector, <i>Aedes aegypti</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The mosquito Aedes aegypti is largely confined to tropical and subtropical regions but its range has recently been spreading to colder climates. As insect biogeography is closely tied to environmental temperature, understanding the limits of Ae. aegypti thermal tolerance and their capacity for phenotypic plasticity is important in predicting the spread of this species. In this study we report on the chill coma onset and recovery, as well as low temperature survival phenotypes of larvae and adults of Aedes aegypti that developed or were acclimated to 15°C (cold) or 25°C (warm). Developmental cold acclimation did not affect chill coma onset of larvae but substantially reduced chill coma onset temperatures in adults. Chill coma recovery time was affected by both temperature and the duration of exposure, and developmental and adult acclimation both strongly mitigated these effects and increased rates of survival following prolonged chilling. Female adults were far less likely to take a blood meal when cold acclimated and simply exposing females to blood (without feeding) attenuated some of the beneficial effects of cold acclimation on chill coma recovery time. Lastly, larvae suffered from hemolymph hyperkalemia when chilled, but development in the cold attenuated the imbalance, which suggests that acclimation can prevent cold-induced ionoregulatory collapse in this species. Our results demonstrate that Aedes aegypti larvae and adults have the capacity to acclimate to cold temperatures and do so at least in part by better maintaining ion balance in the cold. This ability for cold acclimation may facilitate the spread of this species to higher latitudes, particularly in an era of climate change.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".