SYSTEMIC AND PULMONARY HEMODYNAMIC RECOVERY OF ASPHYXIATED NEWBORN PIGLETS AFTER POST-RESUSCITATION TREATMENT WITH N-ACETYLCYSTEINE AND A NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE INHIBITOR
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objectives Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in myocardial deficits associated with neonatal asphyxia. Significant improvement in myocardial recovery has been shown with interventions to decrease ROS after ischemia/hypoxia. We investigated whether co-administration of N-Acetylcysteine (NAC, a ROS scavenger) and NG-Monomethyl-L-Arginine (NMMA, a non-selective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) after resuscitation can have better hemodynamic recovery. Methods Newborn piglets (1–3 d) were anesthetized, acutely instrumented and underwent an established protocol of hypoxia–reoxygenation (H-R). They were block-randomized into a sham-operated group (without H-R, n = 5) and four H-R groups (2 h normocapnic alveolar hypoxia followed by 4 h reoxygenation, n = 8/group). At 5 min after reoxygenation, piglets were given either saline, NAC (30 mg/kg bolus + 20 mg/kg/h infusion), NMMA (0.1 mg/kg bolus + 0.1 mg/kg/h infusion) or NAC+NMMA in a blinded, randomized fashion. Results Hypoxic piglets were acidotic and had cardiogenic shock. Both cardiac index and stroke volume remained lower than normoxic baseline values during reoxygenation. Post-resuscitation treatment with NMMA alone did not improve systemic hemodynamic recovery, but caused pulmonary hypertension. Treating H-R piglets with NAC alone or NAC+NMMA improved cardiac index and stroke volume, with no effect on heart rate and blood pressure. These treatments also decreased myocardial glutathione redox ratio, lipid hydroperoxide and nitrate/nitrite levels (vs. H-R controls). There was no significant difference between NAC alone and NAC+NMMA treatment groups in these physiological and biochemical parameters. Conclusions Post-resuscitation NAC administration improved cardiac function and reduced myocardial oxidative stress in newborn piglets with H-R insults. Addition of NMMA did not provide any further beneficial effect.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".