Evaluating the Impact of Clinical Evidence about FASD on Attributions and Decisions in a Criminal Justice Context
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Recent calls for legislative and policy reform to address the overrepresentation of individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) in the criminal justice system are likely to increase the amount of FASD-related evidence in Canadian courtrooms. However, the potential impact of these changes for defendants with FASD is unknown. Thus, this study aimed to explore the impact of FASD-related evidence on case judgements in a criminal justice context. Undergraduate (n.=.235) and community participants (n.=.45) read about an adolescent defendant charged with second degree murder, in which the presence of an FASD diagnosis was manipulated; made legal decisions, and rated their perceptions and attributions of the defendant. Participants in the FASD condition rated the defendant as less blameworthy, less responsible, and less able to control his behaviour. Findings suggest that FASD may lead to more lenient case judgements in some cases, though compel additional research in this area.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.025 | 0.169 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".