On the Role of 1-Hydroxybenzotriazole as Mediator in Laccase Oxidation of Residual Kraft Lignin
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In order to elucidate the role of the mediator 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT) in laccase oxidation processes, vanillyl alcohol was oxidized with laccase in the presence and in the absence of this mediator. The pattern of metabolites produced showed that the presence of HBT allowed the formation of oxygen addition products such as o - and p -quinones and aromatic ring cleavage products, while in its absence only oxidative coupling products were observed. Experiments carried out on residual kraft lignin showed the occurrence of coupling reactions during laccase oxidation. In the presence of the laccase-mediator (LM) system the reaction pathway was driven toward side chain oxidation and oxygen addition products, while the formation of condensed structures was depressed, Furthermore, The role of phenolic, aliphatic OH, and COOH moieties in lignin degradation was elucidated by selectively blocking them and then submitting the samples to laccase and laccase-HBT treatments. It was found that the activity of the LM system depends on the presence of phenolic lignin subunits. In actual fact, the reactions carried out on lignins lacking free phenolic groups did not cause any appreciable degradation to the polymer.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".