International Criminal ‘Lawfare’ and its Potential Effects on Post-Conflict Positive Peace
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article examines how ‘international criminal lawfare’ (ICLf) has the potential to be a tool either to usher in a foundation of trust necessary to establish positive peace or to negatively affect post-conflict justice enterprises. It argues that problems that arise from ICLf through self-referrals to the icc can be alleviated if the Court would not need to rely on the cooperation and goodwill of parties to the conflict to pursue its investigations. Using the case study of the icc ’s Uganda intervention, it contends that, despite its potential, the use of ICLf will not likely signal anything positive in situations where the judicial organ relies on a party to the conflict because the integrity of the process is undermined. This message is important in light of the icc Pre-Trial Chamber’s rejection of the Prosecutor’s request to investigate alleged crimes committed in Afghanistan on the basis of a lack of cooperation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".