Environmental changes of the last 1000 years on Prince of Wales Island, Nunavut, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A pollen record from a lake sediment core from southeastern Prince of Wales Island, Nunavut, Canada (SW08; 72.3177, −97.2678, 104 m a.s.l) provides the first high-resolution July temperature reconstruction for the last 1,000 years for the central Canadian Arctic Archipelago. The vegetation underwent marked transitions during the Little Ice Age (LIA; 1500–1800 CE) and Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA; 1090–1250 CE), which was primarily observed in the proportion of Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and Salix pollen. Cyperaceae pollen was highest in the samples corresponding to the MCA, whereas Poaceae increased during the LIA. In the last 30 years, Salix and Betula pollen increased. The mean July temperature reconstruction showed a long-term cooling from 1080–1915 CE with a sustained cold period from 1800–1915 CE prior to twentieth-century warming. A synthesis of paleoclimate records from across the Arctic demonstrates that pollen-based reconstructions record both high and low frequency climate variability, when sampling resolution is sufficient, and can improve regional climate reconstructions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".