Intrinsic base substitution patterns in diverse species reveal links to cancer and metabolism
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Analyses of large-scale sequencing data reveal that mutagenic processes create distinctive patterns of base substitutions, called mutational signatures. Here, we analyzed substitution patterns from seven model species and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 42 species, totalling >1.9 billion variants. We found that the base substitution patterns for many species most closely match mutational signature 5 in cancers. Signature 5 is also ubiquitous in cancers and normal human cells, suggesting similar patterns of mutation across species are likely due to conserved biochemistry. Finally, we present evidence from yeast that sugar metabolism is directly linked to this form of DNA damage. We propose that conserved metabolic processes in cells are coupled to continuous generation of mutations, which are acted upon by genetic selection to drive the evolution of species, and cancers. One Sentence Summary Energy metabolism produces DNA damage leading to similar patterns of base substitutions in many species and in human cancers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".