Bibliographic record
Abstract
The central focus of this study is to analyze the effects of global financial crisis which started in 2008 on the sales performance of beer. Although it started with the trouble in the financial sector in the United States it has had contagious effects to the rest of the world and negative implications on several economies around the world, including Tanzania, largely due to the globalisation. The crisis primarily affected the developed world; during the crisis the United States economy contracted by 6% during the fourth quarter of 2008 and the first quarter of 2009 and unemployment increased to 10.2%, the highest level since 1983. The Tanzanian economy has been affected in one way or another by the global financial crisis but the significance of the effects depends on the sector of the economy. It is believed that weaker financial linkages with the rest of the world may have limited the impact of the systemic banking sector crisis that occurred in advanced economies on African economies. However, the industrial sector is considered to be much affected, therefore, the study gives a clear picture on how the industrial sector was affected especially the brewing industries.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".