Positive/ Negative Affect, Strategies of Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Alexithymia in Female Patients with Migraine Headache
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background and Purpose: The most common headache, migraine, is a recurring and pulsing pain together with nausea, which may last for 4 to 72 hours.Since migraine has multiple biological, psychological, and environmental causes, it is considered a chronic disease by health psychologists.This comparative and investigative research aims to answer this essential question that whether positive and negative affections, cognitive emotion regulation strategies, and alexithymia as the psychological mechanisms are different in adolescent girls with and without migraine?Method: This research was a descriptive study of casual-comparative design.The sample consisted of two groups of girls with and without migraine, who were selected by convenience sampling and purposeful technique from therapeutic centers of Arak in 2017 ( 40individuals per group).The participants completed Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (Bagbi, Parker, & Taylor, 1994), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garfenski, Kraaji, & Spin-hoven, 2002), and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1998).T-test and multivariate analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. Results:The results showed that girls with migraine scored significantly higher than the girls without migraine in alexithymia, negative affect, rumination and catastrophizing (p<0.05),but their scores on positive affect and refocus on planning was significantly lower than girls without migraine (p<0.05).There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of self-blaming and otherblaming, positive reappraisal, positive refocusing, perspective taking, and acceptance (P>0.05).Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be said that girls with and without migraine are significantly different in terms of psychological mechanisms; in such a way that girls with migraine use negative psychological mechanisms in their emotion regulation.These findings indicate that physicians and psychotherapist should pay essential attention to the special psychological attributes of girls with migraine at the time of prevention and treatment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".