Derivation of a pH Dependent Solid-Liquid Interfacial Tension and Theoretical Interpretation of the Physicochemistry of Dewetting in the CO2-Brine-Silica System
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The solid-liquid interfacial tension is a fundamental parameter in areas of wettability pertaining to adhesive bonds and petroleum engineering practice. In wettability issues related to surface functionalized polymeric materials design to achieve specific adhesive properties, the solid-liquid interfacial tension can be pH dependent due to amphoteric behavior. In this paper, we have used the theory of pH dependent surface charging and the 2-pk model as well as the site binding model of the electric double layer theory to derive a pH dependent solid-liquid interfacial tension equation. Following the fundamental relationship between solid-liquid interfacial tension and contact angle in light of Young’s equation, we have extended the theoretical basis of the derivation. Consequently, we have also derived a pH dependent cosine of the thermodynamic contact angle. Both equations give satisfactory explanations for observed experimental data available in the literature.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".