Investigating the gas-to-dust ratio in the protoplanetary disk of HD 142527
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We present ALMA observations of the 98.5 GHz dust continuum and the ${}^{13}\mbox{CO}J = 1$–0 and $\mbox{C}^{18}\mbox{O}J = 1$–0 line emissions of the protoplanetary disk associated with HD 142527. The 98.5 GHz continuum shows a strong azimuthal-asymmetric distribution similar to that of the previously reported 336 GHz continuum, with a peak emission in dust concentrated region in the north. The disk is optically thin in both the 98.5 GHz dust continuum and the $\mbox{C}^{18}\mbox{O}J = 1$–0 emissions. We derive the distributions of gas and dust surface densities, $\Sigma _\mathrm{g}$ and $\Sigma _\mathrm{d}$, and the dust spectral opacity index, $\beta$, in the disk from ALMA Band 3 and Band 7 data. In the analyses, we assume the local thermodynamic equilibrium and the disk temperature to be equal to the peak brightness temperature of ${}^{13}\mbox{CO}\,J = 3$–2 with a continuum emission. The gas-to-dust ratio, $\mathrm{G/D}$, varies azimuthally with a relation $\mathrm{G/D} \propto \Sigma _\mathrm{d}^{-0.53}$, and $\beta$ is derived to be $\approx 1$ and $\approx 1.7$ in the northern and southern regions of the disk, respectively. These results are consistent with the accumulation of larger dust grains in a higher pressure region. In addition, our results show that the peak $\Sigma _\mathrm{d}$ is located ahead of the peak $\Sigma _\mathrm{g}$. If the latter corresponds to a vortex of high gas pressure, the results indicate that the dust is trapped ahead of the vortex, as predicted by some theoretical studies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".