Potential of Biochar-Anode ina Ceramic-Separator Microbial Fuel Cell (CMFC)with a Laccase-Based Air Cathode
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A cost-effective biochar derived from rubber tree sawdust was prepared by low-temperature pyrolysis at 500ºC for 2 h.The biochar was placed as an anode electrode in the anode chamber of the novel model ceramic-separator microbial fuel cell (CMFC) with a laccase-based air cathode.The rubber wastewater (with 500 mg/L sulfate and 1000 mg/L COD) was used as an anolyte.Maximal volumetric power density (PD) of 3.26±0.08µW/m 3 , maximal volumetric current density of 3.20±0.07mA/m 3 , and system internal resistance of 1002 Ω were obtained.The post-treatment results showed sulfate removal and COD removal efficiencies of 88.26±1.29%and 89.77±0.45%,respectively.Our work provided a novel model of a low-cost and economically friendly MFC system.Moreover, this work demonstrated a potential route based on sustainable and economical biochar as a bio-anode for wastewater treatment in an MFC.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".