Highly Fluorescent Benzophosphole Oxide Block-Copolymer Micelles
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The efficient synthesis of highly fluorescent para -biphenyl-substituted benzophospholes via zirconium-mediated metallacycle transfer is reported. A norbornene-appended benzophosphole oxide monomer was found to readily undergo living ring-opening metathesis polymerization with the Grubbs third-generation catalyst to yield either a homopolymer or block copolymers. The resulting block copolymers consisting of lipophilic alkylated- or pinacolboronate-capped comonomers undergo self-assembly into spherical micelles in tetrahydrofuran/hexanes mixtures, as determined by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. One hallmark of the benzophosphole-containing polymers is their greatly enhanced emission intensity in solution in relation to their monomers, presumably due to a restriction in molecular motion upon formation of homopolymers or assembled block-copolymer micelles. Evidence for “analyte amplified precipitation” was found, wherein addition of a substoichiometric amount of fluoride to a benzophosphole oxide–pinacolboronate block-copolymer spherical micelle leads to rapid precipitation of highly emissive aggregates. This observation should guide the development of related methods to visually detect (and sequester) analytes in solution.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".