TiO<sub>2</sub> based nanopowder coatings over stainless steel plates for UV‐C photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Immobilizing the photocatalyst in a water treatment process design is essential; however, the immobilization method may affect the photoactivity of the photocatalyst. In this work, photocatalyst powders were successfully coated on 316 L stainless steel plates by a novel brush coating method. Three combinations of photocatalyst mixtures (pure TiO2 anatase, anatase doped with WO3, or TiO2 rutile) were and annealed at different temperatures between 460‐540°C. The ~ 10 μm thick coatings demonstrated full plate coverage and strong adhesion and adequate durability. Surface roughness increased with annealing temperature. The doping and annealing process enabled band gap reduction to the visible light spectrum for all coatings, with the smallest band gap being 2.48 eV (1 eV = 1.6 × 10−19 J). Subsequent methylene blue degradation tests under UV‐C showed that the coatings annealed in 460°C exhibited the best performance and with the highest degradation rate constant of 5.59 hours−1.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".