Psilocybe (Basidiomycotina, Agaricales, Strophariaceae) in Canada, with a special review of species from British Columbia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Historically, 28 species of Psilocybe have been reported from Canada, with the oldest report dating back to 1913.Of these, P corneipes has been transferred to Mythicomyces corneipes, two (PB.rhombispora, P. subfimetaria) have been synonymized under earlier names, P callosa has been redetermined as another species, and two reports (P.merdaria, P. pratensis) are doubtful.With the report of three new records from British Columbia (PR angustispora, P. apelliculosa, P. subcoprophila), the total number of verified Psilocybe species recognized in Canada now stands at 24, with the highest number of taxa concentrated in British Columbia.Eleven of the known taxa of Psilocybe in Canada are hallucinogenic, with P. quebecensis the only endemic species, P. semilanceata common throughout the country Canada, and P. pelliculosa apparently widespread in British Columbia. Key words -hallucinogenic mushrooms, North AmericaPsilocybe in British Columbia (Canada) ... 181We now recognize 24 species of Psilocybe for Canada, which represents 11% of the 227 species reported worldwide by Guzman (2005).There are 11 hallucinogenic species found in Canada, which represent 8% of the 144 accepted by Guzman (2005) in the world.Most Psilocybe species known from Canada occur in British Columbia, with only a few reported from eastern Canada, mainly in Ontario (TABLE 1).Of the hallucinogenic species in Canada, P. quebecensis appears to be the only endemic and P. semilanceata the most widespread in Canada; P. pelliculosa is commonly reported in British Columbia.TABLE 1. Known species and new records of Psilocybe in Canada '
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".